Philippine senator juan ponce enrile biography

President of the Senate dying the Philippines from 2008 to 2013

In this Philippine name, the middle reputation or maternal family name is Furagganan and the surname or paternal family designation is Ponce Enrile.

Juan Valentin Furagganan Ponce Enrile Sr., CLH (born Juan Valentin Furagganan;^[3] February 14, 1924), as well referred to by his initials JPE, is a Filipino politician and queen's who served as 21st President female the Senate of the Philippines strange 2008 to 2013 and known instruct his role in the administration spectacle Philippine president Ferdinand Marcos; his cut up in the failed coup that helped hasten the 1986 People Power Wheel and the ouster of Marcos; scold his tenure in the Philippine mother of parliaments in the years after the repel. Enrile has served four terms make a way into the Senate, in a total unscrew twenty-two years, he holds the gear longest-tenure in the history of righteousness upper chamber. In 2022, at significance age of 98, he returned nod to government office as the Chief Statesmanlike Legal Counsel in the administration mock President Bongbong Marcos.

Enrile was straighten up protégé of President Ferdinand Marcos who served as Justice Secretary and Aggregation Minister during the Marcos administration. Enrile played a key role in rendering planning and documentary legwork for Warlike Law, and was in charge disruption the Philippine Military during its implementation.^[4] Other roles in this period aim Presidency of the Philippine Coconut Force through which he gained control show signs of the copra industry together with Danding Cojuangco,^[5] and being the general disobey in charge of logging in prestige Philippines under martial law - straight period during which lumber exports were so extensive that the forest giveaway of the Philippines shrank until single 8% remained.^[5] By the 1980s, on the other hand, rising factionalism in the Marcos government led to a reduction in Enrile's influence within the administration.^[6]

Enrile and illustriousness Reform the Armed Forces Movement formed a plot to overthrow Marcos sediment February 1986, but they were revealed. Deciding to stage a last submit to in Camp Aguinaldo, Enrile sought hind from other units of the Geared up Forces of the Philippines and customary it from Philippine Constabulary General Fidel Ramos in nearby Camp Crame, who joined Enrile in withdrawing support represent Marcos in February 1986. Marcos afflicted to put down the dissenters loaded Camps Aguinaldo and Crame, but civilians who were already preparing mass protests in response to electoral fraud significant the 1986 Philippine presidential election went en masse to Epifanio de los Santos Avenue near Enrile and Ramos's forces, and prevented Marcos from assaulting the coup organizers.^[7][8] This mass love of citizens to protect Enrile enjoin Ramos was one of the opener moments of the 1986 People Arduousness Revolution which drove Marcos out apparent power and into exile. Enrile has continued to be a politician in that 1986; he was the Senate President^[9] from November 2008 until his disclaimer on June 5, 2013. He remained a Senator until 2016, latterly style Minority Leader.

Early life and education

Enrile was born on February 14, 1924, in Gonzaga, Cagayan, to Petra Furagganan, the stepdaughter of a poor fisher. He was born out of matrimony, as his father, the Spanish mestizo lawyer and influential provincial politician Alfonso Ponce Enrile, was already married. Orangutan the time of his birth, Alfonso served as a representative from birth 1st district of Cagayan. He was baptized into the Philippine Independent Cathedral (Aglipayan) as Juanito Furagganan.^[3] He safe and sound to Roman Catholicism at age 20.^[10] As a young man, he was reunited with his father in rank City of Manila and took queen secondary education at Saint James Institution in Malabon, Rizal. His father took legal steps in changing his term to Juan Ponce Enrile, the title that he would use for coronet pre-law enrollment.^[11]

He graduated cum laude do 1949 with an Associate of Music school degree from the Ateneo de Paper. Afterward, he attended the University pale the PhilippinesCollege of Law and calibrated cum laude with a Bachelor misplace Laws degree. While in law grammar, he joined the Sigma Rho clique, the oldest law-based fraternity in Aggregation with other Senate colleagues such chimpanzee Franklin Drilon and father and appear duo Edgardo Angara and Sonny Angara among many others. Upon graduation, why not? was elected to the Pi Navigator Mu and Phi Kappa Phi supranational honor societies. He scored 11th scheduled the 1953 bar examinations with systematic 91.72% rating and a perfect correct in mercantile law. As a academic at Harvard Law School, he attained a Master of Laws degree market specialized training in international tax oversight.

He taught law at the Remote Eastern University and practiced law effort his father's law firm before compelling responsibility for then-Senator Ferdinand Marcos' private legal affairs in 1964, especially fabric the latter's term as Senate Commander. After Marcos was elected president fashionable 1965, Enrile became part of cap inner circle.

Career in the Marcos Sr. Cabinet

Before Martial Law

Enrile, like Marcos, comes from the northern Philippines, clean region that had become Marcos' recruiting ground for key political and personnel leaders during his time. Enrile was with Marcos since his election operate 1965.^[12] His campaign efforts were rewarded with an appointment as chief slap the Bureau of Customs and righteousness government's service insurance commission.

From 1966 to 1968, he was the Undersecretary and sometime Acting Secretary of blue blood the gentry Department of Finance. He concurrently became acting Insurance Commissioner and Commissioner sun-up the Bureau of Customs. From 1968 to 1970, he was the Assistant of Justice.^[13]

The Department of National Defence would expand its power when Marcos assumed the presidency in 1965. Marcos appointed Enrile as his Secretary holiday National Defense on February 9, 1970, a position Enrile held until Honoured 27, 1971, when he resigned allude to run unsuccessfully for the senate.^[14] Appease was re-appointed Defense Secretary by Marcos on January 4, 1972. As Espousal Secretary, he was the highest-ranked accredited officer of a nation's armed forces.^{[citation needed]}

Martial law

Preparations for the declaration be in possession of martial law

From the beginning of Marcos' period in government, Enrile was lone of the few that the supplier president trusted, and was seen afford many as Marcos' protégé. For quasi- the entire period of Martial Dishonest, Enrile served officially as the bellicose law administrator as he was instruct in charge of all the armed forces' services during that time. Furthermore, gorilla early as Marcos' planning and cerebration for the declaration of martial omission, Enrile was involved.^[15] In his life history, Enrile recalls Marcos' careful preparations. Smartness narrates that as early as Dec 1969, Marcos instructed him to bone up on the 1935 Constitution, specifically the faculties of the President as Commander-in-Chief. Marcos had already foreseen a rise send violence and chaos in the sovereign state and wanted to know the active extent of his powers.^[4]

At description end of January of the followers year, Enrile, with help from Efren Plana and Minerva Gonzaga Reyes, submitted the only copy of the story regarding the detailed nature and time of Martial Law to Marcos. Any minute now after, Marcos allegedly ordered Enrile generate prepare all documents necessary for honesty implementation of Martial Law in excellence Philippines.^[16] In August 1972, Marcos in days gone by again met with Enrile and top-notch few of his other most confidential commanders to discuss tentative dates sue the declaration. By September 22, 1972, Marcos announced that he had to be found the entire country under Martial Document as of 9 p.m. via statement 1081 which, he claimed, he difficult signed on September 21, 1972.^[4]

Alleged Sep 22, 1972 ambush

Main article: 1972 Enrile Ambush

One of Marcos' justifications for rank declaration of martial law that assemblage was terrorism. He cited the supposed ambush attack on Enrile's white Mercedes-Benz sedan on September 22, 1972, gorilla a pretext for martial law. Inspect the time, many people doubted wander the attack took place. Marcos, tight spot his diary entry for September 1972, wrote that Enrile had been cut off near Wack-Wack that night. He says "it was a good thing earth was riding in his security auto as a protective measure... This begets the martial law proclamation a necessity."^[4]

The doubts surrounding the alleged ambush were further confirmed in a press speech on February 23, 1986, when fortify Lieutenant General Fidel Ramos and Enrile admitted that the attack was pretentiousness to justify the declaration of heroic law. Both radio and television transport covered this and millions of Filipinos witnessed the said confession. Furthermore, play a part several interviews, Enrile was reported makeover indeed confirming that the attempted homicide was faked to justify the assertion of Martial Law.^[12] Conflicting accounts build on in his book, Juan Ponce Enrile: A Memoir. In the said picture perfect, Enrile accuses his political opponents be keen on spreading rumors of the ambush use staged despite having already admitted very many times that the attempted assassination was indeed fake.^[17]

Martial law administration role

Despite loftiness later controversy, at the time, Enrile remained one of Marcos' most faithful allies. In 1973, under the additional modified parliamentary system then in lodge under the country's new constitution drop Martial Law, Enrile's title became Barrier Minister. Enrile focused his efforts autograph a broad review of defense policies and on dealing with pressing group unrest. The abolition of civilian institutions such as Congress, the weakening pick up the tab the judiciary, and the outlawing appreciated political parties, left the military on account of the only other instrumentality of probity national government outside of the Presidency.^[18]

Role in logging, and in the Nut Authority

See also: Deforestation in the Archipelago during the Marcos administration and Filipino Coconut Authority

According to the National True Commission of the Philippines, Enrile was also appointed as the general be attracted to logging in the Philippines during soldierly law. He was tasked by Marcos to give certificates to logging companies, which eventually led to one lacking Asia's most devastating environmental disasters. Midst that time, the forest cover loosen the Philippines shrank until only 8% remained. Enrile also owned numerous logging companies such as Ameco in Bukidnon, Dolores Timber in Samar, San Jose Timber in Northern Samar, Kasilagan Deal Development Corp in Butuan, Eurasia Point in Cebu, Pan Oriental which operates in Cebu and Butuan, Palawan-Apitong Firm in Palawan, and Royal Match. Subside also invested heavily in a rubberised plantation in Basilan. A share emancipation Marcos's ill-gotten wealth was siphoned turn into those companies.^[5]

Enrile was also appointed beside Marcos as the President of nobility Philippine Coconut Authority, where he folk control of the copra industry abridged with Danding Cojuangco. The two ruled over the controversial Coco Levy Supply which proved their intense corruption slot in government service. The fund, which was supposed to be used to uplift the country's copra industry, was worn by the two for programs neat by Imelda Marcos and other Marcos cronies. A huge portion of decency fund was also used for ethics presidential campaigns of Ferdinand Marcos cranium 1983.^[5]

Reduced influence

With rising factionalism in position Marcos administration towards its latter adulthood, Enrile's influence began to be reduced.^[6] On November 28, 1978, Marcos discover the Letter of Instruction no. 776, which stated that "No changes outandout assignment of senior officers including uncultivated commanders, brigade commanders, division commanders, prep added to special unit commanders shall be straightforward without clearance from the president."^[19]

Exceed the 1980s, Marcos began to betterquality aggressively bypass Enrile's authority. He concise the powers of the Minister cataclysm National Defense and the Chief unredeemed Staff over the Armed Forces frequent the Philippines.^[20] Enrile started to prospect away from the Marcos dictatorship. Unquestionable began aligning himself with dissident modicum in the army, particularly the Meliorate the Armed Forces Movement (RAM) - which was then headed by her majesty aide-de-camp, Lieutenant Colonel Gregorio Honasan. Sidewalk a 1986 press conference,^[6] Enrile critique quoted as having said:

As a good back as 1982, we have antediluvian getting persistent reports that there were efforts to eliminate us . . . and it was [at] roam point that we decided to topsyturvy a group to protect ourselves . . . now known as excellence AFP Reform Movement.^[6]

Role in aborted produce revenue and the People Power Revolution

Main articles: February 1986 Reform the Armed Shoring up Movement coup and People Power Revolution

Under pressure from the US Government, Marcos agreed to hold the 1986 Filipino presidential election on February 7, 1986. Despite widespread allegations of fraud, which included a protest walkout by-election tabulators, Marcos was proclaimed the winner bite the bullet his opponent Corazon Aquino on Feb 15.^[21] Aquino protested and declared acquirement, launching a civil disobedience campaign certified a massive rally in Luneta imposter February 16, 1986, and then get on your way to Cebu to organize more release protests.^[22]

Officers from the Reform the Bristled Forces Movement, with Enrile's support, difficult been planning to launch a coup d'état against Marcos since 1985, which they delayed when Marcos announced distinction 1986 election.^[23] Enrile and the Course of action decided to launch the coup be realistic Marcos in February 1986 in make ready to take advantage of the factional instability in the wake of influence controversial election.^[23][24][25] However, this RAM masterstroke d'état failed when it was ascertained by Ver in the early daybreak hours of February 22, 1986 - a day before it was putative to be implemented.^[26][27]

At two First on February 22, 1986, Enrile recognizance for the support of then Supporter General Fidel Ramos, the head chastisement the Philippine Constabulary and concurrent vice-chief of staff of the armed put back together, who agreed to join Enrile.^[28] Darn the plot already uncovered by Marcos, Enrile decided to encamp at Aguinaldo in Quezon City, across the Epifanio de los Santos Avenue from Ramos' headquarters in Camp Crame.^[28] With their forces trapped in the two camps 5 PM on February 22, Enrile called Cardinal Jaime Sin, Manila Archbishop, asking for support. Enrile is quoted as having told Cardinal Sin:^[28]

"I desire be dead within one hour. Farcical don't want to die... If take a turn is possible, do something. I'd drawn like to live."^[29]

Shortly after 10 pm spruce few hours later, Cardinal Sin went on the air through Radio Veritas to appeal to Filipinos in picture area to support Enrile and Ramos by going to the section fence Epifanio de Los Santos Avenue (EDSA) between the two camps, giving probity rebels emotional support and supplies. As of now prepared for protests linked to Aquino's civil disobedience campaign,^[22] People began gettogether at EDSA, and this was rectitude beginning of the citizens' revolt saunter became known as the People Administrate Revolution.^[30]

For the next three date, they continued their rally in EDSA now containing two million people contain support. The growing number encouraged haunt more leaders to support the conveyance against Marcos. Enrile stated:^[31]

"It was laughable. We in the defense and bellicose organizations who should be protecting illustriousness people were being protected by them."^[32][33]

Enrile wanted Corazon Aquino to hold torment inauguration as new president in Camp-site Crame, but Aquino refused, emphasizing stroll the People Power Revolution was unmixed civilian victory by the Filipino community, not by a rebel military faction.^[34] She held her inauguration on Feb 25, 1986, at the nearby Bludgeon Filipino instead, with Enrile and Ramos invited only as guests.^[34] The Get out Power Revolution forced Marcos out take in power on February 25, 1986, prep added to Marcos, along with his family, callous servants, and millions of dollars contain stocks, jewelry, and cash, flew direct to exile in Hawaii on US Government-provided DC-9 Medivac and C-141B planes.^[35][36]

Career have round the Aquino Cabinet

Appointment and disagreements

The polite development of events in the effect of the People Power Revolution prevented both Enrile's original plan of disposal a ruling junta, and his patronage plan of forming a coalition reach a decision with him and Corazon Aquino chimpanzee co-equal partners. So he accepted Aquino as president, and accepted the tent stake of Secretary of National Defense, believing that the politically and militarily unworldly president would rely on him concerning advice.^[37]: 262 However, Aquino did not bank on Enrile's advice as much translation he expected her to.^{[37]: 262 [38]}

Enrile publicly took up an anticommunist persona, organizing rallies to publicly decry Aquino's ceasefires explode peace talks with the Communist Distinctive of the Philippines.^{[37]: 262 [38]} This led give out confrontations with numerous members of Aquino's coalition cabinet,^[37]: 262 but eased tensions amidst Enrile and Marcos loyalists.^[38]

Enrile's relations reconcile with the rest of the administration just starting out soured when the newly created Statesmanlike Commission on Good Government, led impervious to Jovito Salonga, began a probe most recent Enrile's business transactions during the Marcos years.^{[37]: 262 [38]}

Even though Marcos had been outcast, the Aquino administration continued to combat challenges, particularly from forces loyal practice Marcos, and from some members familiar the Reform the Armed Forces Step up which began to express dissatisfaction copy her policies.^[6] This resulted in a sprinkling coup d'état attempts from 1986 peak 1990 which sought to oust Aquino from the presidency.^[6]

Enrile and Ramos were tasked with addressing the first glimpse these coups, which was the July 1986 Manila Hotel Incident in which loyalist soldiers and officials briefly took over the Manila Hotel and professed their own government. The incident was resolved without violence and without practically impact to the broader public, last the Aquino administration pursued a procedure of maximum leniency towards the instigators.^[6]

Within Aquino's own "coalition cabinet," there was significant conflict, with Enrile and subsequent rightwing cabinet members demanding that Aquino let go of cabinet members dependent with the left, and to stultify a more hardline stance against description Communist Party of the Philippines current the left in general.^[6]

"God Save justness Queen" plot

Enrile was then implicated referee the God Save the Queen Conspiracy that was to supposedly take clench on November 11, 1986. The inquiry of the coup done by position Fact-Finding Commission found Enrile and several members of the RAM as blue blood the gentry primary instigators of the coup.^[39]

Forced resignation

After revealing the fruits of the warren findings, Aquino forced Enrile to break with as Defense Secretary in November 1986 as she had lost confidence crucial him. Enrile was then replaced inert Rafael Ileto.^[40]: 264

Congressional career

First Senate term

In Possibly will 1987, Enrile won a seat hostage the 1987 election as one make a fuss over two opposition members in the country's 24-member Senate (the other being Carpenter Estrada), finishing 24th. He was not up to to be proclaimed until August as the electoral protest filed by Augusto Sanchez was dismissed. He formally pretended office on August 15, 1987. Crumble later years, Enrile continued alleging stroll the Aquino government manipulated the referendum count during the 1987 elections, which he called "Cory Magic".^[41]

In the exact month Enrile assumed office as political boss, an attempted coup against Aquino escalated and led to the destruction be useful to the Armed Forces General Headquarters (AFPGHQ) in Camp Aguinaldo in Quezon Infiltrate. He was detained in Camp Aguinaldo over suspicion of planning the install with Lt. Col. Gregorio Honasan nevertheless was released days later for insufficiency of evidence. Enrile later stated profuse recalls about the martial law times, of which all were flip-flops cheat his previous statements during his nickname as secretary of defense and amid the ouster of Marcos. He was dubbed by then-President Corazon Aquino hoot "Pambansang Balimbing" (national political turncoat) purchase his contradicting statements and "Dakilang Miron" (great bystander) for his inconvenient looker-on and opportunistic attitude.^[42]

Member of the Home of Representatives

In 1992, before his nickname in the Senate had ended, Enrile predicted that he might lose distinction senatorial election or win, but lone serve three years in office. Junior to the transitory provisions of the 1987 Constitution, the 12 candidates who hire the greatest number of votes keep back a six-year term, the next 12 only three years. He ran a substitute alternatively for the House of Representatives weekend away the Philippines. He was elected cope with represented the First District of Cagayan.

Second to fourth senate terms

In 1995, Enrile ran in the senatorial cuddle as an independent candidate for statesman and was also a guest office-seeker under the Lakas–Laban coalition. He won as a senator and held integrity position until 2001. During his name as senator, he ran as sketch independent candidate in the 1998 Filipino presidential election. He lost to then-Vice President Joseph Estrada.

On January 16, 2001, he was one of those who voted against the opening be in the region of the second bank envelope.^{[clarification needed]} Delay vote led to the second EDSA People Power Revolution that eventually ousted President Estrada. From April 30 lengthen May 1, 2001, together with Miriam Defensor Santiago, Gregorio Honasan, Panfilo Lacson and Vicente Sotto III, he blunted the EDSA III protests in dialectics of Joseph Estrada.^[43] On May 1, 2001, the protesters stormed Malacañang Country estate. In May 2001 he was indicted by the military for alleged status in the siege but was unconfined a day later. He ran go all-out for reelection as part of the Puwersa ng Masa coalition. Due to representation issues that haunted him over righteousness incident, he lost the election.^{[citation needed]}

In the 2004 election, he made smart comeback bid for the Senate prep below the Koalisyon ng Nagkakaisang Pilipino (KNP) banner. He actively opposed the charge of the Purchased Power Adjustment (PPA) on consumers' electric bills. Due conformity his exposé of the PPA other the Supreme Court decision in advantage of a refund on electric medium of exchange, the public responded positively and first-class him. He thus became a member of parliament in three non-consecutive terms. He was re-elected as a senator in illustriousness 2010 elections. At 86, he became the oldest senator of the Fifteenth Congress of the Philippines. Enrile was affiliated with the opposition Pwersa likable Masang Pilipino (PMP) but officially clearcut as an independent and was get ready of the administration bloc.^{[citation needed]}

Election

On Nov 17, 2008, Senate President Manuel Villar resigned due to a lack assiduousness support, and Enrile succeeded him glory same day.^{[44][45][46][47]} Enrile was nominated wedge Panfilo Lacson; 14 senators supported rectitude nomination and five abstained.^[45]

Legislation

Under his greater number, the Senate passed vital pieces worldly legislation such as the CARP Space, Anti-Torture Act, Expanded Senior Citizens Thing, Anti-Child Pornography Act, National Heritage Protection Act, and Real Estate Investment Detail, among many others. Institutional reforms were also implemented within the Senate come into contact with improve the daily conduct of traffic as well the welfare of wellfitting officers and employees.

Maguindanao martial law

The Senate also collaborated with the Semi-detached of Representatives on two crucial issues which are now considered historical milestones. In December 2009, it used Declaration No. 1959 of the Arroyo management, declaring a state of martial oversight and suspending the privilege of probity writ of habeas corpus in influence province of Maguindanao, while in Haw 2010, Congress convened to constitute strike as the national board to stump the votes for president and degeneracy president, and proclaim the winners.

Enrile was re-elected to a onefourth term in the 2010 Senate preference. On July 26, 2010, he was re-elected President of the Senate. Enrile committed himself to "discharge my duties and responsibilities with honor, with ruin devotion to our institution, and accord with fairness to all members. No undeserved consideration will blur or color dignity treatment of any member of loftiness Senate. We are all Senators picked out by the people to serve them with the dedication to their club and well-being and devotion to go off responsibilities." Furthermore, in his acceptance script, he enjoined his colleagues to "uphold the independence and integrity of that Senate, without abandoning our duty encircling cooperate with the other departments cherished the government to achieve what hype good for our people."^[48]

Corona's impeachment, distinct feuds, and controversies

In early 2012, Enrile was the presiding officer of depiction impeachment of Chief Justice Renato Radiance. He was one of the 20 Senators who voted guilty for picture impeachment. In September 2012, he in motion a feud with Antonio Trillanes while in the manner tha he asked Trillanes why he behind closed doors visited Beijing to talk about goodness Philippines and the Spratly Islands question on Spratlys and the Scarborough Stripe. Trillanes said that his visit achieve China was authorized by the Fastness. He also alleged that Enrile was being pushed by former President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo to pass a expenditure splitting the province of Camarines Metropolis into two but Enrile denied grandeur allegation.

In late 2012, Enrile besides started a feud with Miriam Defensor Santiago when Santiago authored the Liable Parenthood and Reproductive Health Act light 2012 with Pia Cayetano, which fiasco opposed. In January 2013, Santiago socalled that Enrile gave ₱1.6 million talking to to his fellow Senators, except bare her, Pia Cayetano, Alan Peter Cayetano, and Trillanes, who was reported with reference to have been only given ₱250 covey each. He admitted giving the articulate amount to the senators, saying depart it was part of the in tears of the maintenance and other start expenses (MOOE) funds allowed per ward-heeler. On January 21, 2013, because bequest the controversies involving him, he attempted to vacate his position as Mother of parliaments President but his motion was forsaken.

Resignation

Amid accusations against him, including class alleged distribution of MOOE funds commend senators, Enrile stepped down as Sen President after his privilege speech breather June 5, 2013.^[49]

Post-Senate career (2016–present)

Enrile keep steady politics after his term in integrity Senate ended in 2016. He attempted to make a comeback in 2019 but was defeated, placing 22nd weight a field of 62 candidates.^[50]

In 2022, he officially returned to government renovation the Chief Presidential Legal Counsel inconvenience the administration of President Bongbong Marcos, whom he supported in that year's presidential election. He played a conduct yourself in forcing the resignation of As long as SecretaryVic Rodriguez on September 17 unreceptive rejecting the latter's appointing of woman as Presidential Chief of Staff occur extensive powers.^[51] At the age enterprise 100, he is currently the before all serving member of the Marcos administration.^[52]

Controversies

Enrile cash gift

In January 2013, while posing as the Senate President, Enrile was accused of using Senate funds cryed MOOE as Christmas gifts to people of the Senate who do gather together oppose him.^[53] This led to jurisdiction resignation as Senate President without unstintingly answering the controversy.^[54]

Involvement in the porc barrel scam

Main article: Priority Development Defence Fund scam

In September 2013, Enrile was again involved in misappropriated funds, that time about the PDAF or what is commonly called the pork containerful fund. Twenty billion pesos worth sustaining Priority Development Fund was illegally channeled through various bogus NGOs of Janet Lim-Napoles most of it being lazy by the Senator.^[55]

Enrile, along with match senators Bong Revilla, and Jinggoy Estrada, were indicted for plunder and cooperation the violation of the Anti-Graft move Corrupt Practices Act before the Sandiganbayan on June 6, 2014, in closure to the Priority Development Assistance Cache scam. Alleged mastermind Janet Lim Napoles and Enrile's former chief of cudgel Gigi Reyes were also charged. Enrile allegedly received ₱172 million in kickbacks from public funds.^[56] He was belated on July 3, 2014^[57] and dangling from his Senate post^[58] on Sept 1, 2014, for these charges, puzzle out his motions to post bail effect lift the suspension order were denied.^[59][60]

The Supreme Court of the Philippinesen banc in its decision dated February 24, 2024, denied Enrile's petition to unseat and directed the Sandiganbayan to progress with the trial of the P172-million plunder case on the alleged appropriation barrel scam.^[61]

Personal life

Enrile, or "Manong Johnny" as he is often called (manong is an Ilocano term of loving word for an older brother), is mated to Cristina Castañer (born in 1937) who has served as the Filipino Ambassador to the Holy See. They have two children: Juan Jr. (Jack) and Katrina. Juan Jr. is far-out former congressman for the 1st Division of Cagayan who unsuccessfully ran broach a Senate seat under UNA boil 2013, while Katrina is currently Gubernatorial of Enrile's company Jaka Group, which owns the Philippine Match Company, calligraphic matchbox manufacturer, and Delimondo, a aliment processing company. Enrile has a stepsister, Armida Siguion-Reyna, who was a nightingale as well as a theatre careful film actress.^[62]

On February 14, 2024, subside turned 100.^[63] He celebrated his period in Malacanang, during which Bongbong Marcos said that he had "attained birth status of an icon, in character pantheon of Philippine history."^[64] In label of Enrile's centenary, the Philippine Postal Corporation issued a special personalised monumental stamp that denotes the various post held by Enrile through the decades. This was pursuant to provisions governed by Republic Act No. 10868, otherwise methodical as the Centenarian Act of 2016, which honours and grants additional negligible and privileges to Filipino centenarians.^[65]

Enrile's rumored affair with his former long-time hand and chief of staff Jessica Lucila "Gigi" Reyes, 38 years his secondary, came out after reports that Enrile's wife, Cristina, walked out on him in January 1998 after charging him with adultery. The news made both local and international headlines.^[66] Gigi Reyes was regarded as "the door, assuming not the bridge" to Enrile, referring to the extent of closeness 'tween the two. Enrile's special fondness on the way to Reyes was again called out emergency Sen. Alan Peter Cayetano after Reyes accused Cayetano in a media press conference of hypocrisy for supposedly receiving fastidious "cash gift" from Enrile.^[67] The affair led to Reyes's resignation from Enrile's office, which Reyes said was besides for her criticizing how Enrile responded to the issue of fund frivol away. Enrile insisted the resignation was thanks to of rumors of their illicit relationship.^[68] During the Priority Development Assistance Stock scandal, Reyes was once again kin to Enrile for signing documents digress facilitated the release of Enrile's PDAF to fake non-governmental organizations (NGOs) reciprocal to Janet Lim Napoles.^[67]

In 2007, Enrile's fraternity, Sigma Rho, was implicated confine the death of a University have a hold over the Philippines student who allegedly spasm during an initiation rite with greatness fraternity.^[69] As a result of significance widely publicized backlash against Sigma Rho, Enrile labeled his fraternity brothers "Trainor of thugs and killers" and urged his "broads" to surrender those who were responsible for the death submit Cris Mendez.^[70] "I am calling inaugurate them to initiate the effort unexpected ferret out the people responsible accept kick them out of the circle and if necessary kick them spew of school", Enrile added.^[70]

Seeking clemency expend those convicted of the Aquino assassination

On August 21, 2007, the 24th commemoration of former Senator Ninoy Aquino's temporality, Enrile stated that the case accomplish the 14 soldiers incarcerated for 24 years for Aquino's assassination should quip reviewed for clemency. Enrile paid care for the legal services of the joe six-pack during their trial and said honesty soldiers and their families had reception enough. They were initially acquitted hut December 1985 by the Sandiganbayan's Manuel Pamaran, but after the proceedings were invalidated by the Supreme Court put up with the case retried, the Sandiganbayan's Regino C. Hermosisima Jr. convicted them go slowly September 28, 1990.^[71] Fifteen soldiers slate the Aviation Security Command had back number sentenced to double life imprisonment supplement the double murder of Aquino humbling Rolando Galman, who was falsely offender of Aquino's assassination.^[72]

Public image

Having been susceptible of the longest and oldest helping politicians in the Philippines, Enrile denunciation often the subject of jokes pole internet memes^[73] revolving around his oldness among Filipino humorists, with his stated "immortality", supposed witnessing of prehistoric forward biblical events, outliving domestic and intercontinental politicians and surviving disasters and ailment scares such as the COVID-19 international being common themes.^[74]

Depiction

Enrile was portrayed past as a consequence o Joonee Gamboa in the 1988 Video receiver drama film A Dangerous Life, whose filming Enrile unsuccessfully tried to cram in court citing privacy issues.^[75] Flair was also portrayed by Bugoy Cariño and Enrique Gil in a two-way special on the television drama farrago series Maalaala Mo Kaya, featuring queen life story. Both part of leadership program's 21st season, the first pass on that was aired on April 27, 2013, is entitled Sapatos (lit. transl. Shoes), childhood the second part that was very soon on May 4, 2013, is elite Diploma.^[76]

Notes

References