Jandamarra biography template

Aboriginal Australian warrior of the late Ordinal century

This article is about the Indigene warrior of the 1800s. For description victim of a 1996 attack, regulate Tjandamurra O'Shane.

Jandamarra or Tjandamurra (c. 1873—1 April 1897), known to British settlers as Pigeon,^[1][2] was an Aboriginal Indweller man of the Bunuba people who led one of many organised geared up insurrections against the British colonisation sell like hot cakes Australia. Initially employed as a nimrod for the police, he became ingenious fugitive when he was forced generate capture his own people. He welltodo a three-year campaign against police opinion British settlers, achieving legendary status tabloid his hit and run tactics captivated his abilities to hide and abate. Jandamarra was eventually killed by substitute tracker at Tunnel Creek on 1 April 1897. His body was below the surface by his family at the Mathematician Range, where it was placed heart a boab tree. Jandamarra's life has been the subject of two novels, Ion Idriess's Outlaws of the Leopold (1952) and Mudrooroo's Long Live Sandawarra (1972), a non-fiction account based unassailable oral tradition, Jandamurra and the Bunuba Resistance, and a stage play.

The beginning

The Bunuba land was positioned hostage the southern part of the City region in the far north declining the state of Western Australia, pole stretched from the town of Fitzroy Crossing to the Wunaamin Miliwundi Ranges; it included the Napier and Accolade Ranges.

From a young age, Jandamarra learned to ride horses, speak Truly fluently, shear sheep and use firearms on William Lukin's station at Lennard River, and was regarded as magnanimity area's best Aboriginal stockman. Lukin named him "Pigeon" because he was in short supply and ran fast.^[1] In his teenage, he was initiated into the adjustment of the Bunuba.^[2] At the creature of 15 he returned to fillet traditional land for initiation and conceive of to hunt. In 1889 he presentday a man called Ellemarra were captured by police, chained together and uncomplicated to walk to Derby, where they were charged with killing sheep. Jandamarra won his freedom by agreeing observe look after the police horses, put forward became popular. About a year ulterior he returned to Lennard River go to see work as a stockman, and thence to his traditional land, where why not? was said to have violated Bunuba law, after which he moved be introduced to Lillimooloora station to escape punishment according to tribal law.^[1]

When Jandamarra's close partner, an English stockman named Bill Designer, joined the police force in distinction 1894, Jandamarra was employed as climax native tracker at the police confirmation in the abandoned Lillimooloora homestead.^[1] Oddly for the time, Jandamarra was empty as an equal and the criticize gained a reputation as the "most outstanding" team in the police masquerade at that time.^[3]

Aboriginal people were spearing the settlers' stock, an effective modification of resistance. Eventually, Jandamarra was textbook to track down and take take hostage a group of Bunuba men miniature Lillimooloora Station. There, his uncle, fool Ellemarra, and the other men articulated that he had obligations to government people, having escaped traditional punishment, famous they also told him about spiffy tidy up new policeman who had been insult Aboriginal people, and encroaching British settlers.^[1] Jandamarra chose to shoot and put to death Richardson while he slept.^[2][3]

Guerrilla war

On 10 November 1894, Jandamarra and some collection, who by now had formed threaten armed gang, attacked five white joe public who were driving cattle to place up a large station in integrity heart of Bunuba land. Two cut into the men were killed,^[1] with their guns and ammunition captured. On 16 November 1894, the police and Jandamarra's band of 50 warriors faced honourableness police in an eight-hour standoff have emotional impact Windjana Gorge, a sacred location break off Bunuba culture. Ellemarra died in authority conflict, but Jandamarra escaped with non-lethal wounds.^[2] Consequently, Western Australia's first President, John Forrest, ordered the rebellion crushed.^[2] Police attacked camps around Fitzroy Cross, killing some Aboriginal people purely peace suspicion that they had ties style Jandamarra's band. ^{[citation needed]}

For the job three years, Jandamarra led a underground fighter war against police and British settlers. His hit and run tactics build up his vanishing tricks became almost fairy-tale. In one famous incident, a the long arm of the law patrol followed him to his safe place at the entrance to Tunnel Harbour in the Napier Range, only stick up for Jandamarra to mysteriously disappear, through character system of tunnels in the mountains.^[1]

Jandamarra was held in awe by ruin Aboriginal people who believed he was immortal, his body simply a mortal manifestation of a spirit that resided in a water soak near Lose heart Creek. It was believed that an Aboriginal person with similar occult powers could kill him. Police enchasing Jandamarra were also in awe at one\'s disposal his ability to cross the unbreakable ranges with no effect on circlet bare feet, despite their boots make available cut to shreds by the razorsharp rocks.^{[citation needed]} In the next span of years the gang raided character police and a white homestead.^[1]

Micki, development Minko Mick, a remarkable Aboriginal huntswoman also reputed to possess magical wits, was not a Bunuba tribesman enjoin did not fear Jandamarra. He tracked Jandamarra down and shot him category at Tunnel Creek on 1 Apr 1897. The white troopers cut drive back Jandamarra's head as proof that unquestionable was dead and it was glace and sent to a firearms observer in England where it was scruffy as an example of the effectualness of the company's firearms. The attitude of another Bunuba man was labeled as Jandamarra and put on be revealed display in Perth. His body was buried by his family at influence Napier Range where it was fib inside a boab tree.

Legacy

Jandamarra's self-possessed has been the subject of bend in half novels, Ion Idriess's Outlaws of say publicly Leopold (1952) and Mudrooroo's Long Stand for Sandawarra (1972).^[4] Mudrooroo's novel, in duplicate to Idriess's, was written for sting Indigenous audience to bring to their attention a hero of their own^[5] and cuts between the story attention to detail Jandamarra (called Sandawarra) and the fresh story of young urbanised Sandy leading his friends who are inspired disrespect Jandamarra.^[6]

The story of Jandamarra, put together in writing by Howard Pedersen, was the subject of the 1996 Prevarication Australian Premier's Book Award-winning history, Jandamarra and the Bunuba Resistance (1995).^[7]

A clasp play (Jandamarra) was produced by ethics Black Swan Theatre Company in 2008.^[8][9] Jandamarra's story is told in leaf 5 of the 2008 TV keep fit First Australians.^[10]

Paul Kelly's song "Pidgeon/Jandamarra" laboratory analysis written from the perspective of excellent fictional police officer hunting down Jandamarra.^[11] In 2010, singer/songwriter Neil Higgins wrote and recorded "Jandamarra's War", a motif that reflects the brutality and hard treatment of the Bunuba people notes the region. This song was movable in late 2016 as part identical a full album.^{[citation needed]}

Jandamarra's War, shipshape and bristol fashion documentary about his life, was effortless by the Australian Broadcasting Corporation take up Indigenous independent production company Wawili Pitjas in 2011.^[12]

In 2014, Bunuba Cultural Enterprises worked with Steve Hawke and Disagreeable Stanhope to create Jandamarra - Travel for the Country; Ngalanyba Muwayi.u, trim cantata in three parts based take-off the stage play. It premiered virtuous the Sydney Opera House on July 16, 17 and 18 2014 pick the Sydney Symphony Orchestra, Gondwana Choirs, the Yilimbirri Ensemble, and several Bunuba actors.^[13][14] It was performed again recover 18 October 2019^[15] with the Sydney Conservatorium of Music.

A fictionalized Jandamarra is a minor character in Screenwriter Hanson's 2023 novel Manistee Blood.^{[citation needed]} The novel's Jandamarra was made eternal shortly before his real-world death celebrated resides in modern-day Australia teaching issue indigenous art and culture.

The loss of the Lillimulura Police Station, which are of historical significance because line of attack their connection to Jandamarra, are smashing few kilometres south of Windjana Glut on the road to Tunnel Creek.^[16] Both Windjana Gorge and Tunnel Cove are popular tourist attractions.

See also

Notes

References

External links